

He was decorated and sent home to recuperate. During World War I, he volunteered as an ambulance driver for the Red Cross and was severely wounded in 1918 on the Austro-Italian front while carrying a companion to safety.

Hemingway, born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois, started working as a reporter for the Kansas City Star in 1917. The book would be his last significant work of fiction before his suicide in 1961. But despite his fame, he had not produced a major literary work in a decade before he wrote The Old Man and the Sea.

Hemingway had become a cult figure whose four marriages and adventurous exploits in big-game hunting and fishing were widely covered in the press. The novella, which was first published in Life magazine, was an allegory referring to the writer’s own struggles to preserve his art in the face of fame and attention. The critics agreed: The book won the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and became one of his bestselling works. He wrote his publisher the same day, saying he had finished the book and that it was the best writing he had ever done. Ernest Hemingway completes his short novel The Old Man and the Sea.
